第一种：在线安装
helm 在线部署 Prometheus，通过 value.yaml 进行简单配置
helm repo add prometheus-community https://prometheus-community.github.io/helm-charts
helm repo updatekubectl create namespace monitoringhelm pull prometheus-community/prometheustar -xzf prometheus-27.13.0.tgz && cd prometheus/# 修改value.yaml配置文件，配置persistentVolume持久化相关helm install prometheus prometheus-community/prometheus -f values.yaml --namespace monitoring第二种：离线安装
配置共享存储
Prometheus 需要配置持久化存储，防止数据丢失
服务端
服务端安装 NFS 服务
sudo apt install nfs-kernel-server创建共享目录，在服务器端创建 /nfs 目录。
mkdir /nfs
chmod -R 777 /nfs # 设置文件权限nfs目录下只给了默认权限，不设置权限，会报错
GF_PATHS_DATA='/var/lib/grafana' is not writable.
You may have issues with file permissions, more information here: http://docs.grafana.org/installation/docker/#migrate-to-v51-or-later
mkdir: can't create directory '/var/lib/grafana/plugins': Permission denied编写配置文件
vim /etc/exports
#[任意主机所有权限]
/nfs *(rw,sync,insecure,no_subtree_check,no_root_squash)重启 NFS 服务
sudo service nfs-kernel-server restart常用命令工具
#在安装 NFS 服务器时，已包含常用的命令行工具，无需额外安装
#显示已经 mount 到本机 NFS 目录的客户端机器
sudo showmount -e localhost
#将配置文件中的目录全部重新 export 一次，无需重启服务
sudo exportfs -rv
#查看 NFS 的运行状态
sudo nfsstat
#查看 rpc 执行信息，可以用于检测 rpc 运行情况
sudo rpcinfo客户端
需要连接服务端的节点，例如 node 节点
安装客户端工具
sudo apt install nfs-common查看 NFS 服务器上的共享目录
#显示指定的 NFS 服务器(假设 IP 地址为 192.168.58.29)上 export 出来的目录
sudo showmount -e 192.168.58.29创建本地挂载目录
sudo mkdir -p /nfs挂载共享目录
#假设 NFS 服务器 IP为 192.168.58.29，可以如下设置挂载
sudo mount -t nfs 192.168.58.29:/nfs /nfs查看客户端挂载信息
df -h开始安装 Prometheus
下载 Prometheus 压缩包
在 releases 中，找到自己想安装的版本：https://github.com/prometheus-community/helm-charts/releases/
wget https://github.com/prometheus-community/helm-charts/releases/download/prometheus-27.13.0/prometheus-27.13.0.tgz配置 Prometheus 命名空间
kubectl get namespace monitoring || kubectl create namespace monitoring配置持久化卷
创建 prometheus-pv.yaml 文件
apiVersion: v1
kind: PersistentVolume
metadata:name: prometheus-pv
spec:capacity:storage: 50GiaccessModes:- ReadWriteOncepersistentVolumeReclaimPolicy: RetainstorageClassName: manualhostPath:path: /nfs/prometheus创建 prometheus-pvc.yaml 文件
apiVersion: v1
kind: PersistentVolumeClaim
metadata:name: prometheus-pvcnamespace: monitoring
spec:accessModes:- ReadWriteOnceresources:requests:storage: 50GistorageClassName: manual执行安装 pv、pvc
kubectl apply -f prometheus-pv.yaml
kubectl apply -f prometheus-pvc.yaml验证安装
kubectl get pv -n monitoring
kubectl get pvc -n monitoring配置 Prometheus 自定义配置
创建 prometheus-custom-values.yaml 文件
server:persistentVolume:enabled: truesize: 50GistorageClass: manualexistingClaim: prometheus-pvcsecurityContext:runAsUser: 65534 # Matches the 'nobody' user, commonly used by PrometheusrunAsGroup: 65534fsGroup: 65534 # Ensures the mounted volume is writable by this groupalertmanager:persistentVolume:enabled: truesize: 2GistorageClass: "-"accessModes:- ReadWriteOnceannotations: {}helm 离线安装
helm install prometheus ./prometheus-27.13.0.tgz --namespace monitoring -f prometheus-custom-values.yaml安装完成，输出日志
NAME: prometheus
LAST DEPLOYED: Tue May 13 20:37:07 2025
NAMESPACE: monitoring
STATUS: deployed
REVISION: 1
TEST SUITE: None
NOTES:
The Prometheus server can be accessed via port 80 on the following DNS name from within your cluster:
prometheus-server.monitoring.svc.cluster.localGet the Prometheus server URL by running these commands in the same shell:export POD_NAME=$(kubectl get pods --namespace monitoring -l "app.kubernetes.io/name=prometheus,app.kubernetes.io/instance=prometheus" -o jsonpath="{.items[0].metadata.name}")kubectl --namespace monitoring port-forward $POD_NAME 9090The Prometheus alertmanager can be accessed via port 9093 on the following DNS name from within your cluster:
prometheus-alertmanager.monitoring.svc.cluster.localGet the Alertmanager URL by running these commands in the same shell:export POD_NAME=$(kubectl get pods --namespace monitoring -l "app.kubernetes.io/name=alertmanager,app.kubernetes.io/instance=prometheus" -o jsonpath="{.items[0].metadata.name}")kubectl --namespace monitoring port-forward $POD_NAME 9093
#################################################################################
###### WARNING: Pod Security Policy has been disabled by default since #####
###### it deprecated after k8s 1.25+. use #####
###### (index .Values "prometheus-node-exporter" "rbac" #####
###### . "pspEnabled") with (index .Values #####
###### "prometheus-node-exporter" "rbac" "pspAnnotations") #####
###### in case you still need it. #####
#################################################################################The Prometheus PushGateway can be accessed via port 9091 on the following DNS name from within your cluster:
prometheus-prometheus-pushgateway.monitoring.svc.cluster.localGet the PushGateway URL by running these commands in the same shell:export POD_NAME=$(kubectl get pods --namespace monitoring -l "app=prometheus-pushgateway,component=pushgateway" -o jsonpath="{.items[0].metadata.name}")kubectl --namespace monitoring port-forward $POD_NAME 9091For more information on running Prometheus, visit:
https://prometheus.io/卸载 Prometheus
helm uninstall prometheus --namespace monitoring
