API使用
public static void test1() throws Exception {CompletableFuture<String> stringCompletableFuture = CompletableFuture.supplyAsync(() -> {return "hello";});System.out.println(Thread.currentThread().getName() + ":" +stringCompletableFuture.get());}
public static void test3() throws Exception {CompletableFuture<String> stringCompletableFuture = CompletableFuture.supplyAsync(() -> {return "hello";});CompletableFuture<Void> stringCompletableFuture1 = stringCompletableFuture.thenAccept(s -> {System.out.println(s + " world");});System.out.println(Thread.currentThread().getName() + ":" +stringCompletableFuture1.get());}public static void test2() throws Exception {CompletableFuture<String> stringCompletableFuture = CompletableFuture.supplyAsync(() -> {return "hello";});CompletableFuture<String> stringCompletableFuture1 = stringCompletableFuture.thenApply(s -> {return s + " world";});System.out.println(Thread.currentThread().getName() + ":" +stringCompletableFuture1.get());}
- thenCompose的使用(类似于flatmap)
public static void test4() throws Exception {ProductService productService = new ProductService();ProductDetailService productDetailService = new ProductDetailService();
CompletableFuture<CompletableFuture<Product>> completableFutureCompletableFuture = CompletableFuture.supplyAsync(() -> {String name = productService.getProduct(1);Product product = new Product();product.setName(name);return product;}).thenApply(new Function<Product, CompletableFuture<Product>>() {@Overridepublic CompletableFuture<Product> apply(Product product) {return CompletableFuture.supplyAsync(() -> {String desc = productDetailService.getProduct(1);product.setDesc(desc);return product;});}});System.out.println(Thread.currentThread().getName() + ":" +completableFutureCompletableFuture.get().get());
}
- 多个Future 如何处理他们的一些聚合关系呢
- allOf
- 返回值是
CompletableFuture<Void>
类型 - 因为allOf没有返回值,所以通过
thenApply
获取CompletableFuture
的执行结果 - 使用场景:请求多个接口 聚合结果
- anyOf
- 只要有任意一个
CompletableFuture
结束,就可以做接下来的事情,不像allOf
要等待所有的CompletableFuture
都结束才做接下来的事情 - 每个
CompletableFuture
的返回值类型都不相同,无法判断是什么类型 - 所以
anyOf
返回值是CompletableFuture<Object>
类型 - 使用场景:多个机房 机器配置以及压力不一样 请求同一个接口 返回参数也一样 ,使用anyOf同步请求所有机房,然后谁最新返回 就直接使用返回结果
public static void test6() throws Exception {CompletableFuture<String> future1 = CompletableFuture.supplyAsync(() -> {try {Thread.sleep(1000);} catch (InterruptedException e) {throw new RuntimeException(e);}System.out.println(Thread.currentThread().getName() + ":" + "future1");return "future1";});CompletableFuture<String> future2 = CompletableFuture.supplyAsync(() -> {try {Thread.sleep(2000);} catch (InterruptedException e) {throw new RuntimeException(e);}System.out.println(Thread.currentThread().getName() + ":" + "future2");return "future2";});CompletableFuture<String> future3 = CompletableFuture.supplyAsync(() -> {try {Thread.sleep(3000);} catch (InterruptedException e) {throw new RuntimeException(e);}System.out.println(Thread.currentThread().getName() + ":" + "future3");return "future3";});
System.out.println("-----------------------------");CompletableFuture<Object> objectCompletableFuture = CompletableFuture.anyOf(future1, future2, future3);System.out.println("begin" + LocalDateTime.now());objectCompletableFuture.join();if (objectCompletableFuture.isDone()){System.out.println("有任务完成");}System.out.println("end" + LocalDateTime.now());}
案例实战
- 背景
- 微服务架构,接口单一职责,一个页面打开会涉及多个模块需要同时调用
- 由于需要同时建立多个连接,中间会有性能损耗,部分页面需要使用聚合接口
- 则可以使用
CompletableFuture
聚合多个响应结果一次性返回 - 优点
- 缺点
- 如果接口性能差异大,则容易性能好的接口被性能查的拖垮
- 需要开发更大接口,数据量大则需要更大的带宽
- 其他场景
- 爬虫业务多个URL并行爬取
- 商品详情页信息组装
- 业务聚合接口:用户信息(积分基本信息,权限)