深度学习笔记13-CIFAR彩色图片识别(Pytorch)

import torch
import torch.nn as nn
import matplotlib.pyplot as plt
import torchvision

train_ds=torchvision.datasets.MNIST('data',train=True,download=True,transform=torchvision.transform.ToTensor())
train_ds=torchvision.datasets.MNIST('data',train=False,download=True,transform=torchvision.transform.ToTensor())

batch_size=32
train_dl=torch.utils.data.DataLoader(train_ds,batch_size=batch_size,shuffle=True)
test_dl=toch.utils.data.DataLoader(test_ds,batch_size=batch_size)
img,labels=next(iter(train_dl))#创建一个迭代器，用于遍历训练数据加载器中的数据,并从迭代器中取出第一个批次的数据
imgs.shape

import numpy as np# 指定图片大小，图像大小为20宽、5高的绘图(单位为英寸inch)
plt.figure(figsize=(20, 5)) 
for i,imgs in enumerate(imgs[:20])# 维度缩减npimg = np.squeeze(imgs.numpy()) #squeeze()函数的功能是从矩阵shape中，去掉维度为1的。# 将整个figure分成2行10列，绘制第i+1个子图。plt.subplot(2, 10, i+1)plt.imshow(npimg, cmap=plt.cm.binary)plt.axis('off')

import torch.nn.functional as Fnum_classes = 10  # 图片的类别数class Model(nn.Module):def __init__(self):super().__init__()# 特征提取网络self.conv1 = nn.Conv2d(3, 64, kernel_size=3)   # 第一层卷积,卷积核大小为3*3self.pool1 = nn.MaxPool2d(kernel_size=2)       # 设置池化层，池化核大小为2*2self.conv2 = nn.Conv2d(64, 64, kernel_size=3)  # 第二层卷积,卷积核大小为3*3   self.pool2 = nn.MaxPool2d(kernel_size=2) self.conv3 = nn.Conv2d(64, 128, kernel_size=3) # 第二层卷积,卷积核大小为3*3   self.pool3 = nn.MaxPool2d(kernel_size=2) # 分类网络self.fc1 = nn.Linear(512, 256)          self.fc2 = nn.Linear(256, num_classes)# 前向传播def forward(self, x):x = self.pool1(F.relu(self.conv1(x)))     x = self.pool2(F.relu(self.conv2(x)))x = self.pool3(F.relu(self.conv3(x)))x = torch.flatten(x, start_dim=1)x = F.relu(self.fc1(x))x = self.fc2(x)return x
from torchinfo import summary
# 将模型转移到GPU中（我们模型运行均在GPU中进行）
model = Model().to(device)
summary(model)

loss_fn    = nn.CrossEntropyLoss() # 创建损失函数
learn_rate = 1e-2 # 学习率
opt        = torch.optim.SGD(model.parameters(),lr=learn_rate)

# 训练循环
def train(dataloader, model, loss_fn, optimizer):size = len(dataloader.dataset)  # 训练集的大小，一共60000张图片num_batches = len(dataloader)   # 批次数目，1875（60000/32）train_loss, train_acc = 0, 0  # 初始化训练损失和正确率for X, y in dataloader:  # 获取图片及其标签X, y = X.to(device), y.to(device)# 计算预测误差pred = model(X)          # 网络输出loss = loss_fn(pred, y)  # 计算网络输出和真实值之间的差距，targets为真实值，计算二者差值即为损失# 反向传播optimizer.zero_grad()  # grad属性归零loss.backward()        # 反向传播optimizer.step()       # 每一步自动更新# 记录acc与losstrain_acc  += (pred.argmax(1) == y).type(torch.float).sum().item()train_loss += loss.item()train_acc  /= sizetrain_loss /= num_batchesreturn train_acc, train_loss

def test (dataloader, model, loss_fn):size        = len(dataloader.dataset)  # 测试集的大小，一共10000张图片num_batches = len(dataloader)          # 批次数目，313（10000/32=312.5，向上取整）test_loss, test_acc = 0, 0# 当不进行训练时，停止梯度更新，节省计算内存消耗with torch.no_grad():for imgs, target in dataloader:imgs, target = imgs.to(device), target.to(device)# 计算losstarget_pred = model(imgs)loss        = loss_fn(target_pred, target)test_loss += loss.item()test_acc  += (target_pred.argmax(1) == target).type(torch.float).sum().item()test_acc  /= sizetest_loss /= num_batchesreturn test_acc, test_loss

epochs     = 10
train_loss = []
train_acc  = []
test_loss  = []
test_acc   = []for epoch in range(epochs):model.train()epoch_train_acc, epoch_train_loss = train(train_dl, model, loss_fn, opt)model.eval()epoch_test_acc, epoch_test_loss = test(test_dl, model, loss_fn)train_acc.append(epoch_train_acc)train_loss.append(epoch_train_loss)test_acc.append(epoch_test_acc)test_loss.append(epoch_test_loss)template = ('Epoch:{:2d}, Train_acc:{:.1f}%, Train_loss:{:.3f}, Test_acc:{:.1f}%，Test_loss:{:.3f}')print(template.format(epoch+1, epoch_train_acc*100, epoch_train_loss, epoch_test_acc*100, epoch_test_loss))
print('Done')

import matplotlib.pyplot as plt
#隐藏警告
import warnings
warnings.filterwarnings("ignore")               #忽略警告信息
plt.rcParams['font.sans-serif']    = ['SimHei'] # 用来正常显示中文标签
plt.rcParams['axes.unicode_minus'] = False      # 用来正常显示负号
plt.rcParams['figure.dpi']         = 100        #分辨率from datetime import datetime
current_time = datetime.now() # 获取当前时间epochs_range = range(epochs)plt.figure(figsize=(12, 3))
plt.subplot(1, 2, 1)plt.plot(epochs_range, train_acc, label='Training Accuracy')
plt.plot(epochs_range, test_acc, label='Test Accuracy')
plt.legend(loc='lower right')
plt.title('Training and Validation Accuracy')
plt.xlabel(current_time) # 打卡请带上时间戳，否则代码截图无效plt.subplot(1, 2, 2)
plt.plot(epochs_range, train_loss, label='Training Loss')
plt.plot(epochs_range, test_loss, label='Test Loss')
plt.legend(loc='upper right')
plt.title('Training and Validation Loss')
plt.show()