二、初步编写drf API

2.1基于django

#settings.py
urlpatterns = [path('admin/', admin.site.urls),path('auth',views.auth)                       #创建一个路由
]

#views.py
from django.http import JsonResponse
from django.views.decorators.csrf import csrf_exempt# Create your views here.@csrf_exempt
def auth(request):return JsonResponse({'status':True,'message':'success'})

使用postman测试，可以看到有返回数据

2.2基于drf

1.安装drf

pip3 install djangorestframework

2.注册drf

#settings.py
INSTALLED_APPS = ['django.contrib.admin','django.contrib.auth','django.contrib.contenttypes','django.contrib.sessions','django.contrib.messages','django.contrib.staticfiles','app1.apps.App1Config',  # 添加应用名称(appName.apps.className)'rest_framework',        #注册drf]

3、注册路由

#url.py
urlpatterns = [path('admin/', admin.site.urls),path('auth/',views.auth),path('login1/',views.login)，                   #drf视图路由（方法1：FBV）path('login2/',views.LoginView.as_view())       #drf视图路由（方法2：CBV）
]

4、创建drf视图函数

#方法1：FBV: function basic views(基于函数的视图)
from rest_framework.response import Response
from rest_framework.views import APIView
from rest_framework.decorators import api_view@api_view(['GET'])                #视图函数前面需要加上一个装饰器
def login(request):return Response({'status':True,'message':'success'})

#方法2：CBV: class basic views(基于类的视图)
class LoginView(APIView):def get(self,request):return Response({'status': True, 'message': 'success'})

5、查看效果

用浏览器访问login，这里可以看到，Response返回的信息，被drf的基本页面包裹(以上两种方法效果相同)

6、CBV示例1(jdango)

from django.http import JsonResponse
from django.views import View
class UserView(View):#不同的请求，执行不同的值def get(self,request):#get请求执行的函数return JsonResponse({'status': True, 'message': 'GET'})def post(self,request):#post请求执行的函数return JsonResponse({'status': True, 'message': 'POST'})def put(self,request):#put请求执行的函数return JsonResponse({'status': True, 'message': 'PUT'})def delete(self,request):#delete请求执行的函数return JsonResponse({'status': True, 'message': 'DELETE'})

7、CBV示例2（drf)

from rest_framework.response import Response
from rest_framework.views import APIViewclass UserView1(APIView):  #drf中的函数自动套用了免除CRSF认证，相当于会自动给函数加一个@csrf_exempt装饰器def get(self,request):return Response({'status': True, 'message': 'GET'})def post(self,request):return Response({'status': True, 'message': 'POST'})def put(self,request):return Response({'status': True, 'message': 'PUT'})def delete(self,request):return Response({'status': True, 'message': 'DELETE'})

#APIView底层代码def as_view(cls, **initkwargs):"""用于免除CRSF认证Store the original class on the view function.This allows us to discover information about the view when we do URLreverse lookups.  Used for breadcrumb generation."""def dispatch(self, request, *args, **kwargs):#视图执行前、反射执行视图，视图后处理#判断用户请求类型，以执行相对应的函数# Try to dispatch to the right method; if a method doesn't exist,# defer to the error handler. Also defer to the error handler if the# request method isn't on the approved list.