Android 应用单元测试涉及 Telephony 环境初始化问题

Telephony 相关类注入问题

SubscriptionManager

Cannot invoke "android.telephony.SubscriptionManager.getActiveSubscriptionInfoList()" because "this.mSubscriptionManager" is null
java.lang.NullPointerException: Cannot invoke "android.telephony.SubscriptionManager.getActiveSubscriptionInfoList()" because "this.mSubscriptionManager" is null
    at com.demo.settings.util.SimHotSwapHandler.<init>(SimHotSwapHandler.java:32)

错误初始化方法，因为when不能传入非mock对象，是因为context没有mock初始化

    @Beforepublic void setUp() {// 将mock的SubscriptionManager与测试环境中Context的系统服务绑定when(mockContext.getSystemService(Context.TELEPHONY_SUBSCRIPTION_SERVICE)).thenReturn(mockSubscriptionManager);}

正常setup的方法：

import org.robolectric.RobolectricTestRunner;
import org.robolectric.RuntimeEnvironment;
import org.robolectric.annotation.Config;
import org.robolectric.shadows.ShadowApplication;
import org.robolectric.shadows.ShadowSubscriptionManager;@RunWith(RobolectricTestRunner.class)
@Config(sdk = {33})
public class Test {@Mockprivate Context mockContext;@Mockprivate SubscriptionManager mockSubscriptionManager;@Mockprivate SubscriptionInfo mockSubscriptionInfo1;@Mockprivate SubscriptionInfo mockSubscriptionInfo2;@Beforepublic void setUp() {MockitoAnnotations.openMocks(this);// 初始化使用Mock的ContextmockContext = mock(Context.class);when(mockContext.getSystemService(Context.TELEPHONY_SUBSCRIPTION_SERVICE)).thenReturn(mockSubscriptionManager);}}

 PersistableBundle

Cannot invoke "android.os.PersistableBundle.getBoolean(String)" because "b" is null
java.lang.NullPointerException: Cannot invoke "android.os.PersistableBundle.getBoolean(String)" because "b" is null

Android 环境相关

Context 初始化

在单元测试 setup 过程经常会有处理 context 的值，必要吗？也看到了很多不初始化的案例，是Mockit 已经处理了是吗？但是不初始化也会报资源错误，当设置资源的时候。

Cannot invoke "android.content.Context.getResources()" because "this.mContext" is null
java.lang.NullPointerException: Cannot invoke "android.content.Context.getResources()" because "this.mContext" is null

常见的初始化有几种，有什么差异区别？

• RuntimeEnvironment
• ApplicationProvder
• mock()

以下是使用 RobolectricTestRunner 的一些案例。

案例1、RuntimeEnvironment

局部变量，模拟系统服务

    @Beforepublic void setUp() {Context context = RuntimeEnvironment.application;}

案例2、spy()