uniapp 实现腾讯云音视频通话功能

uniapp 深度集成腾讯云音视频通话功能实战指南

一、技术架构解析

腾讯云音视频解决方案采用IM信令控制层+TRTC媒体传输层的双架构设计，实现核心能力解耦：

二、环境搭建与核心配置

2.1 服务开通与密钥获取

登录腾讯云控制台
开通服务：
- 即时通信IM（基础网络）
- 实时音视频TRTC
创建应用并记录：
- SDKAppID
- 密钥对（SecretKey 用于生成UserSig）

2.2 跨平台SDK集成

# 安装核心依赖
npm install tim-js-sdk trtc-js-sdk --save# 小程序平台需额外安装
npm install miniprogram-api-typings --save-dev

三、核心功能实现详解

3.1 双引擎初始化

// utils/trtc-manager.js
import TRTC from 'trtc-js-sdk';
import TIM from 'tim-js-sdk';// TRTC客户端配置
export const createTRTCClient = (userId, userSig) => {return TRTC.createClient({mode: 'rtc',sdkAppId: xxxxxxxx,userId,userSig,// 高级音频配置audio: {autoGainControl: true,noiseSuppression: true}});
};// IM客户端配置
export const createIMClient = () => {const tim = TIM.create({SDKAppID: xxxxxxxx});// 添加日志拦截器tim.on(TIM.EVENT.ERROR, (err) => {console.error('IM错误:', err);// 添加自定义错误处理逻辑});return tim;
};

3.2 呼叫流程控制

// 呼叫管理类
class CallManager {constructor() {this.currentCall = null;this.roomId = this.generateRoomID();}generateRoomID() {return Math.floor(Math.random() * 1000000);}async initiateCall(targetUser) {try {// 1. 加入TRTC房间await this.trtcClient.join({ roomId: this.roomId });// 2. 发送IM信令const customMessage = tim.createCustomMessage({to: targetUser,conversationType: 'C2C',payload: {data: JSON.stringify({type: 'TRTC_CALL',roomId: this.roomId,sdkAppId: xxxxxxxx,caller: tim.getUserID()})}});await tim.sendMessage(customMessage);this.currentCall = { state: 'calling', target: targetUser };} catch (err) {this.handleError('CALL_INITIATE_FAILED', err);}}async acceptCall(inviteData) {try {// 1. 加入TRTC房间await this.trtcClient.join({roomId: inviteData.roomId,userId: tim.getUserID(),userSig: await this.generateUserSig()});// 2. 发送接受应答const ackMsg = tim.createCustomMessage({to: inviteData.caller,conversationType: 'C2C',payload: {data: JSON.stringify({ type: 'TRTC_ACCEPT' })}});await tim.sendMessage(ackMsg);this.currentCall = { state: 'connected', roomId: inviteData.roomId };} catch (err) {this.handleError('CALL_ACCEPT_FAILED', err);}}
}

3.3 音视频渲染优化

<template><view class="video-container"><!-- 远端视频容器 --><view class="remote-video":class="{'fullscreen': isFullscreen}"ref="remoteContainer"></view><!-- 本地小窗 --><view class="local-video":style="{ transform: `rotate(${isFrontCamera ? 0 : 180}deg)` }"ref="localContainer"></view></view>
</template><script>
export default {mounted() {// 初始化视频渲染this.initVideoRender();},methods: {initVideoRender() {// 本地视频流const localStream = TRTC.createStream({userId: tim.getUserID(),audio: true,video: true,// 高级视频配置video: {deviceId: this.selectedCameraId,resolution: '720p'}});localStream.initialize().then(() => {// 本地预览localStream.play(this.$refs.localContainer);this.trtcClient.publish(localStream);});// 远端视频监听this.trtcClient.on('stream-added', (event) => {const remoteStream = event.stream;this.trtcClient.subscribe(remoteStream);remoteStream.play(this.$refs.remoteContainer);});}}
}
</script><style>
.video-container {position: relative;height: 100vh;background: #000;
}.remote-video {width: 100%;height: 100%;transition: all 0.3s;
}.local-video {position: absolute;right: 20rpx;bottom: 160rpx;width: 300rpx;height: 200rpx;background: #333;border-radius: 16rpx;overflow: hidden;
}.fullscreen {position: fixed;left: 0;top: 0;z-index: 999;
}
</style>

四、高级功能实现

4.1 智能码率控制

// 动态调整视频编码参数
function adjustVideoQuality(networkQuality) {const configMap = {excellent: { resolution: 1080, bitrate: 2500, fps: 30 },good: { resolution: 720, bitrate: 1500, fps: 24 },poor: { resolution: 540, bitrate: 800, fps: 15 }};trtcClient.setVideoEncoderConfig(configMap[networkQuality] || configMap.poor);
}// 注册网络质量监听
trtcClient.on('network-quality', (ev) => {adjustVideoQuality(ev.localQuality);
});

4.2 跨平台美颜方案

// 初始化美颜管理器
import { beautyManager } from 'trtc-js-sdk';function setupBeauty() {beautyManager.setBeautyStyle(1, {brightness: 0.3,    // 磨皮smoothness: 0.5,    // 美白redness: 0.2        // 红润});// 动态调整美颜参数beautyManager.setBeautyLevel(0.6);beautyManager.setWhitenessLevel(0.4);
}

4.3 通话状态同步

// 使用Vuex管理通话状态
export default new Vuex.Store({state: {callState: 'idle', // idle/calling/connected/endedcurrentCall: null,networkQuality: 'good'},mutations: {UPDATE_CALL_STATE(state, payload) {state.callState = payload.state;state.currentCall = payload.callInfo;},UPDATE_NETWORK_QUALITY(state, quality) {state.networkQuality = quality;}}
});

五、生产环境优化策略

5.1 弱网对抗方案

// 启用FEC前向纠错
trtcClient.setNetworkQosParam({priority: TRTC.TRTC_QOS_PRIORITY.REALTIME_AUDIO,preference: TRTC.TRTC_QOS_CONTROL_MODE.SERVER,controlMode: TRTC.TRTC_QOS_CONTROL_MODE.SERVER
});// 启用音频丢包补偿
trtcClient.enableAudioRedundancy(true);

5.2 跨平台兼容处理

// 处理小程序平台差异
function getVideoElement(ref) {#ifdef MP-WEIXINreturn uni.createSelectorQuery().select(ref).node().context;#endif#ifndef MP-WEIXINreturn document.querySelector(ref);#endif
}// Android权限处理
async function requestPermissions() {#ifdef APP-PLUSconst permissions = ['android.permission.CAMERA','android.permission.RECORD_AUDIO'];const granted = await plus.android.requestPermissions(permissions);if (!granted.cameraGranted || !granted.audioGranted) {uni.showModal({title: '权限申请失败',content: '需要摄像头和麦克风权限'});}#endif
}

六、安全合规指南

UserSig生成规范：
- 必须使用服务端生成（推荐Node.js示例）
- 添加有效期限制（建议不超过2小时）
- 使用HMAC-SHA256签名算法

房间号安全：

// 房间号生成策略
function generateSecureRoomID() {const timestamp = Date.now();const random = Math.floor(Math.random() * 1000);return Buffer.from(`${timestamp}-${random}`).toString('base64');
}

敏感信息过滤：

// 信令内容校验
function validateSignalData(data) {const allowedKeys = ['type', 'roomId', 'sdkAppId', 'caller'];const invalidKeys = Object.keys(data).filter(key => !allowedKeys.includes(key));if (invalidKeys.length > 0) {throw new Error('Invalid signal data');}
}